the meanings of ev, bev, hev, phev and mainstream hybrid structures in the identification of new energy vehicles-凯发真人

(source of this article: street photography cool car tongluoshao c)

due to the scarcity of oil resources and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, countries have introduced pollution control plans one after another. promoting new energy vehicles has become a way to improve air quality and low-carbon lifestyles. as new energy vehicles have entered a stage of rapid development, how much do you know about them? below, i will take you to understand what new energy vehicles (ev, bev, hev, phev) are?

compared to other types of new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles are currently the most mainstream type of new energy vehicle worldwide in terms of overall performance and practical applications.

in terms of pure electric sports cars, tesla roadster， the acceleration from 0 to 97 kilometers per hour only takes 3.9 seconds. for general household pure electric vehicles, such as the geely emgrand ev, the acceleration time from 0 to 100 km/h is 9.9 seconds. whether from actual driving or theoretical research, the acceleration performance of pure electric vehicles is much better than that of most traditional fuel vehicles. this is mainly due to the performance of the electric motor. due to the stable torque output of the electric motor and easier control than internal combustion engines, pure electric vehicles travel smoothly, with less vibration and noise, and do not need to shift gears frequently like ordinary cars to ensure sufficient power.

meaning of identification for new energy vehicle models

bev (battery electric vehicle): pure electric vehicle

reev (range extended electric vehicle): range extended electric vehicle

fcev (fuel cell electric vehicle): fuel cell vehicle

mhev (mild hybrid electric vehicle): medium hybrid electric vehicle

phev (plug in hybrid electric vehicle): plug in hybrid electric vehicle

hev (hybrid electric vehicle): a hybrid electric vehicle

next, let me introduce to you the structures of several common new energy powertrain systems currently available in the market.

structure of new energy powertrain

power split hybrid: power split hybrid

the following is the most popular power separation hybrid solution currently available, which is the outstanding feature of toyota's hybrid models. this solution was first pioneered and used by them. the ps in the picture is power split, which means planetary gears. relying on planetary gears instead of the complex clutch structure mentioned earlier, the work between the vehicle's engine and electric motor is coordinated and switched by planetary gears, which includes the advantages of all previous hybrid solutions. at present, all hybrid models of toyota and lexus come from this structure. toyota's e-cvt gearbox is actually the connecting mechanism between the engine and two motors (drive motor and generator) in the picture, achieving seamless connection between the three. this can be considered a great feat by toyota, which is admirable. currently, toyota has over 100 patented technologies related to planetary gear structures. so it explains why honda's hybrid technology is called i-mmd, because currently the engines and electric motors of honda accord and crv hybrid are combined by a clutch. therefore, for hybrid models from toyota and honda, their power combination methods are different. toyota relies on planetary gears, while honda relies on clutches.

full parallel hybrid: fully parallel hybrid

as shown in the figure, tx is the transmission of the vehicle, m/g is the motor of the vehicle, and power electronics is the inverter of the vehicle, which is used to convert the voltage between the battery and the motor. the engine and motor are separated by a clutch. that is to say, the power source of the vehicle can be provided by both the engine and the electric motor, or it can be provided solely by the electric motor or solely by the engine. for example, the previous bmw 7 series and infiniti m35 used this technology.

through the road parallel hybrid: parallel supported hybrid

it is easy to see from the structure in the diagram that the power of the front wheels of the vehicle is provided by the engine, while the power of the rear wheels is provided by the motor. for example, traditional four-wheel drive off-road vehicles do not require the transmission shaft and multi plate clutch to achieve four-wheel drive. the front and rear wheels of this structure rely on two different power sources, making it very suitable for application in medium to large four-wheel drive vehicles. there are two examples, the european versions of peugeot 3008 and 508, which use a diesel engine and an electric motor to achieve four-wheel drive.

series hybrid: series hybrid

a series hybrid system relies solely on the electric motor to provide driving force for the vehicle. the power provided by the engine cannot be directly supplied to the wheels. its job is only to supply power to the generator, and then use the electricity generated by the generator to charge the vehicle's battery pack, or combine the electricity output from the battery to power the driving motor. due to the engine being able to charge the battery, this hybrid mode is mainly designed to extend the driving range of pure electric vehicles, also known as extended range electric vehicles. however, the efficiency of converting mechanical energy from an engine into electrical energy is not very high, and there are almost no manufacturers promoting this structure in the market. for example, no one has actually bought the gac ga5 extended range electric vehicle because it is just a manufacturer's gimmick to achieve zero emissions and is not applicable.

combined hybrid: combined hybrid

combined hybrid is an improvement on the previously introduced series hybrid by using a clutch to connect two motors. it can be driven purely by electric power or by the engine, which greatly improves the efficiency of both of them. for example, in highway conditions, i can rely on the engine to work, and at that time, the engine's efficiency is highest. i can work with an electric motor in congested road conditions without any fuel consumption. however, this structure has too many and complex components, and currently only mitsubishi outlander uses this hybrid solution.

(source of this article: street photography cool car tongluoshao c)